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Fotografie: Das «Life»-Magazin und die Stars
Als man für einen Film 16 Sphinxe bauen liess

THE TEN COMMANDMENTS The first
American drive
-in theater opened in 1933; by
1951, 3,580 were in operation. Drive
-ins played
major hits like this one, but became primarily
associated with cheaper, more lurid fare. In 1951,
Life elaborated on their amenities: “It offers
entertainment
for the whole family in cozy quarters. In
addition, it sometimes provides carhop service,
washing machines, even beauty parlors, and is
somewhat more likely than TV to provide a show
worth looking at.” J. R. Eyerman, Utah, 1958.
TI Gotham, Inc. © Life Picture Collection,
Meredith Operations Corporation

Actor Charlton Heston as Moses with arms flung wide, appearing in motion picture The Ten Commandments as it is shown at drive-in movie theater.
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«Life» war ab 1936 das bekannteste amerikanische Reportagemagazin. «Sehen und staunen; sehen und belehrt werden»: Das war das Credo der Redaktion, die mit exklusiven mehrseitigen Fotoreportagen dem US-Publikum ein Fenster zur Welt öffnete – egal, ob es sich um Bilder aus dem Vietnamkrieg, von Olympischen Spielen, aus dem afrikanischen Dschungel oder von einer Miss-Wahl handelte. Zehn Millionen Fotografien wurden von 1936 bis zur Einstellung des Magazins im Jahr 2000 in Auftrag gegeben.

Die Blütezeit von «Life» fiel mit der glanzvollsten Ära Hollywoods zusammen, wie der mächtige Bildband «Life. Hollywood» zeigt (genau genommen sind es zwei Bände im Schuber). Darin befänden sich «mehr Stars als im Himmel», heisst es im Werbeslogan – das ist nur leicht übertrieben.

MARILYN MONROE AND SYDNEY
GUILAROFF “Flock of fixers” was how Life
described the team beautifying Monroe for a
scene in her penultimate film,
Let’s Make Love. Among them was Guilaroff,
MGM’s chief hairstylist, responsible for creating
dozens of top actresses’ instantly recognizable
hairstyles, for more than four decades. He was
also Monroe’s personal hairstylist, as well as her
close friend and confidant, and was among the
last people to speak to her the night she died.
John Bryson, MGM Studios, 1960.
© Getty Images: Photo by John Bryson


Chief hairdresser for MGM Sydney Guilaroff, stylist for the stars,  combing actress Marilyn Monroe's hair as makeup man works on her eyes in dressing room during filming of the movie "Let's Make Love" at MGM studios.
STEVE MCQUEEN
John Dominis, Santa Barbara County,
California, 1963.
TI Gotham, Inc. © Life Picture Collection,
Meredith Operations Corporation


Close-up of American actor Steve McQueen (1930 - 1980) as he smokes a cigarette while on a camping trip in the Sierra Madre Mountains, California, May 1963.
MARLENE DIETRICH In a delicious bit of
irony,
Dietrich, a German émigré, was one of the most
beloved entertainers of American soldiers during
World War II. Her daughter, Maria Riva,
explained in her later book on her mother “the
reason for her great following” among
servicemen: “They knew that she was not phony,
that she was really there for them, and that she
was ready to be with them in the mud.” George
Silk, Germany, 1945.
TI Gotham, Inc. © Life Picture Collection,
Meredith Operations Corporation
INGRID BERGMAN Life was among many
media outlets to pick up on Bergman’s
extramarital affair with director Roberto
Rossellini while filming Stromboli. Life
accompanied the May 1949 article “Strombolian
Idyl” with a photo of the two holding hands and
mentioned rumors that her husband, Dr. Peter
Lindstrom, was coming to the island of Stromboli
to discuss a divorce. Bergman would soon face
public and media scorn on a global scale for her
infidelity. Gordon Parks, Stromboli,
Italy, 1949.
TI Gotham, Inc. © Life Picture Collection,
Meredith Operations Corporation


Actress Ingrid Bergman attracting attention of local women while filming "Stromboli" in an Italian village.

Die renommierten Fotografen des Magazins hatten sie alle vor der Kamera, Marilyn Monroe etwa, die sich 1953 auf dem Zenit ihres Schaffens zu Hause fotografieren liess; Alfred Hitchcock, der mit seinen gefiederten Stars posierte; Marlon Brando, majestätisch als Napoleon Bonaparte in «Désirée» (1954).

ALFRED HITCHCOCK posing with his avian
stars from his classic horror movie The Birds.
Over 25,000 live ones were used during filming,
and it was rumored that the birds were given
wheat mixed with whiskey to make them more
docile. Philippe Halsman, Universal Studios,
1963.
© Philippe Halsman / Magnum Photos / Agentur
Focus
MARLON BRANDO starred as Napoleon
Bonaparte in Désirée, opposite Jean Simmons,
who played the title role. Loomis Dean,
Hollywood, 1954.
TI Gotham, Inc. © Life Picture Collection,
Meredith Operations Corporation


Portrait of American actor Marlon Brando (1924 - 2004) in costume as French emperor Napoleon Bonaparte for the film 'Desiree' (directed by Henry Koster), California, August 20 1954. His pose replicates that of Napoleon in a painting by Jean-Louis-Ernest Meissonier.
JAYNE MANSFIELD and her husband, former
Mr. Universe Mickey Hargitay, had stage
designer Glen Holse transform their Hollywood
mansion into a “Pink Palace.” Pink paint and shag
carpets abounded, even on the bathroom walls. In
the 1961 essay “A Daffy Tinge Binge,” Life
quipped: “You can’t tell the floor from the ceiling
in Jayne Mansfield’s furry pink bathroom. The
main difference is that the heart
-shaped bathtub is
on the
floor.” Allan Grant, Los Angeles, 1960.
TI Gotham, Inc. © Life Picture Collection,
Meredith Operations Corporation


American film actor and sex symbol Jayne Mansfield (1933 - 1967) combs her hair while sitting in a bubble bath in the pink carpeted bathroom of her lavishly decorated home, known as The Pink Palace,' Los Angeles, California, 1960.
SAMMY DAVIS, JR. Producer Samuel
Goldwyn initially wanted bandleader Cab
Calloway to reprise his acclaimed stage
performance as drug dealer Sportin’ Life in Porgy
and Bess. Davis campaigned hard for the role and
eventually won it, ultimately giving one of the
film’s more vibrant, memorable performances.
Gjon Mili, Samuel Goldwyn Studios, 1959.
TI Gotham, Inc. © Life Picture Collection,
Meredith Operations Corporation
MARILYN MONROE Photographed at her
Hollywood home at 26, looking remarkably
self-possessed, as befits a rising star with two hit
movies released that year: Gentleman Prefer
Blondes and How to Marry a Millionaire.
Alfred Eisenstaedt, Hollywood, 1953.
TI Gotham, Inc. © Life Picture Collection,
Meredith Operations Corporation

Dabei beschränkte man sich nicht auf glamouröse Homestorys, sondern blickte auch hinter die Kulissen der teilweise gigantischen Filmproduktionen. Bei «The Ten Commandments» wurde für das Wagenrennen eine Prachtstrasse mit 16 Sphinxen in den ägyptischen Sand gebaut. Für den Kriegsfilm «A Guy Named Joe» kreierte man 1943 einen Miniaturozean, um einen Bombenangriff über Wasser zu inszenieren.

A GUY NAMED JOE In MGM’s massive water
tank,
a special effects crew orchestrates the bombing of
a miniature World War II Japanese ammunition
dump for the war movie. Life’s original caption
noted that the model P
-38 airplane “sags in
mission because wires are not taut enough. A man
goes out to rescue it while the director waits
patiently on a raft and the cameraman stands by
on the platform at right.” Walter Sanders, MGM
Studios, 1943.
TI Gotham, Inc. © Life Picture Collection,
Meredith Operations Corporation


People filming a movie using the miniature props at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in United States, 1943
THE TEN COMMANDMENTS In this scene,
Pharaoh Rameses II’s charioteers race off in
pursuit of the Israelites. DeMille “built a huge set
on Egypt’s sands,” Life wrote, “the gates of PerRameses and a 16-sphinx
avenue—that drew more tourists than Giza’s
single sphinx.” Ralph Crane, Egypt, 1954.
TI Gotham, Inc. © Life Picture Collection,
Meredith Operations Corporation

Scene from De Mille Films 'Ten Commandments', 1954.
BATHING BEAUTY A camera is mounted high
on a platform overlooking synchronized
swimmers in one of “America’s Mermaid” Esther
Williams’s trademark “aqua ballets” for Bathing
Beauty. The sequence was touted in the film’s
trailer as the “Most dazzling color spectacle ever
filmed!” Ralph Crane, MGM Studios, 1944.
© Ralph Crane / The LIFE Picture Collection /
Shutterstock

The stage set for the motion picture Bathing Beauties during filming.
THE RAZOR’S EDGE Department by
department, Life clearly delineates a typical major
studio movie crew. During Hollywood’s studio
system, each of the “majors”
—Fox, Warner
Bros., etc.
—ran like a well
-oiled machine. A
film’s creative team was composed of seasoned
veterans, some of whom honed their craft in a
single studio’s employ for decades. Life noted that
it is “also necessary to have many experts
standing ready to ply their trades at a moment’s
notice should anything go
wrong on sets whose inflexible overhead, active
or idle, is some $2,000 an hour.” Ralph Crane,
Twentieth Century
-Fox Studios, 1946.
© Shutterstock / The Life Picture Collection:
Ralph Crane
DARRYL F. ZANUCK As the macho décor in
his office
might indicate, Zanuck ran Fox like a decisive
general marshalling his army. Previously a
prolific screenwriter and head of production for
various studios before he became head of Fox, his
writing background shone through in his focus on
stories and scripts, which he personally edited
thoroughly
. Jerry Cooke, Twentieth Century
-
Fox Studios, 1944.
© Getty Images: Photo by Jerry Cooke

American film studio executive and producer Darryl F Zanuck (1902 - 1979) relaxes in his office, Los Angeles, California, 1944.
TIPPI HEDREN strikes a restful pose at home
with her pet lion, Neil, several years before
production began on her calamitous film, Roar.
She and her husband, agent Noel Marshall, built
their Roar around more than 100 untrained lions,
tigers, and other animals, filming it primarily in
and around their Los Angeles home. Seventy cast
and crew members were injured during
production,
including Hedren’s daughter, Melanie Griffith,
whose wounds required plastic surgery. Hedren
was badly hurt by an elephant. Michael Rougier,
Sherman Oaks, California, 1971.
TI Gotham, Inc. © Life Picture Collection,
Meredith Operations Corporation


American actress and animal activist Tippi Hedren and her pet lion Neil sunbath in the garden of their home, Sherman Oaks, California, May 1971.

Die Bände sind auch darum mehr als nur eine Starparade, weil es zu den meisten Bildern eine kurze Erklärung gibt, die neben filmhistorischen Aspekten auch «Fun Facts» liefert. Oder «Sad Facts». Etwa über Tippi Hedren, die sich 1971 zusammen mit ihrem Haustierlöwen ablichten liess. Später wurde sie beim Dreh des Films «Roar», in dem Dutzende Wildtiere mitspielten, von einem Elefanten schwer verletzt.